Morphologically Motivated Prosodic and Metrical Structures

Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on Phonetic Sources of Phonological Patterns: Synchronic and Diachronic Explanations (2003

Multiple Patterns of Reduplication in Nuuchahnulth: A Templatic Approach

Nuuchahnulth has very unique patterns of reduplication which raise many interesting questions. Reduplication occurs when certain suffixes attach to a stem. The form of the reduplicant ranges from CV to CVVCCC, depending on the attached suffix. Multiple patterns in Nuuchahnulth reduplication present problems for a-templatic approaches. The data in this study provide more complex patterns than those we are familiar with from previous work. In this paper, I provide a templatic solution to the problems raised by the case of Nuuchahnulth, and argue that we should employ templates to deal with at least some cases of reduplication

The Morphological Status of -ʔat in Nuu-chah-nulth

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Testing Measurement Invariance Using MIMIC: Likelihood Ratio Test and Modification Indices with a Critical Value Adjustment

Multiple-indicators multiple-causes (MIMIC) modeling is often employed for measurement invariance testing under the structural equation modeling framework. This Monte Carlo study explored the behaviors of MIMIC as a measurement invariance testing method in different research situations. First, the performance of MIMIC under the factor loading noninvariance conditions was investigated through model fit evaluations and likelihood ratio tests. This study demonstrated that the violation of factor loading invariance was not detected by any of the typically reported model fit indices. Consistently, the likelihood ratio tests for MIMIC models exhibited poor performance in identifying noninvariance in factor loadings. That is, MIMIC was insensitive to the presence of factor loading noninvariance, which implies that factor loading invariance should be examined through other measurement invariance testing techniques. To control Type I error inflation in detecting the noninvariance of intercepts or thresholds, this simulation study with both continuous and categorical variables employed the likelihood ratio test with two critical value adjustment strategies, Oort adjustment and Bonferroni correction. The simulation results showed that the likelihood ratio test with Oort adjustment not only controlled Type I error rates below the basal Type I error rates but also maintained high power across study conditions. However, it was observed that power to detect the noninvariant variables slightly attenuated with multiple (i.e., two) noninvariant variables in a model. Given that the modification index is the chi-square difference after relaxing one parameter for estimation, this study investigated modification indices under four research scenarios based on a combination of the cutoffs of modification indices and the procedures of model modification: (a) the noniterative method (i.e., modification indices at the initial stage of model modification) using the conventional critical value, (b) the noniterative method using the Oort adjusted critical value, (c) the iterative procedure of model modification using the conventional critical value, and (d) the iterative procedure using the Oort adjustment. The iterative model search procedure using modification indices showed high performance in detecting noninvariant variables even without critical value adjustment, which indicates that iterative model search specification does not require critical value adjustment in identifying the noninvariance correctly. On the other hand, when the noniterative procedure was used, the Oort adjustment yielded adequate results

Exploring the Incremental Validity of Nonverbal Social Aggression: The Utility of Peer Nominations

This study examined the construct validity of nonverbal social aggression and the relation of nonverbal social aggression to dimensions of children’s social status. Peer nominations of verbal social, nonverbal social, direct verbal, and physical aggression, as well as social dominance, perceived popularity, and social acceptance, were collected from 459 elementary students. Structural equation modeling with physical and direct verbal aggression items and verbal and nonverbal social aggression items yielded three factors of aggression: overt, nonverbal social, and verbal social. Subsequent analyses indicated that girls are more nonverbally socially aggressive than boys. Nonverbal social aggression was found to explain unique variance in social acceptance for boys and to offer equal contributions to girls’ social dominance and perceived popularity, controlling for overt and verbal social aggression. Suggestions for future research are discussed

Knowledge, Awareness and Risk of Occurrence of Venous Thromboembolism of Perinatal Women

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to identify knowledge, awareness, and risk of occurrence of venous thromboembolism among pregnant women. METHODS: Subjects were 106 pregnant women treated as inpatients and outpatients at a women's health hospital in a metropolitan city February 19–March 22, 2018. Instruments consisted of questionnaires that included knowledge, awareness, and risk of occurrence of venous thromboembolism queries. Collected data were analyzed by t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis test. RESULTS: Mean score of subjects' knowledge of venous thromboembolism was 4.47 (0–15), mean score of subjects' awareness of venous thromboembolism was 66.98 (25–100), and mean score of subjects' risk factor of venous thromboembolism was 0.98 (0–44). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnant women's level of knowledge and awareness of prevention and risk factors on venous thromboembolism, is significantly low. To raise their awareness of risk symptoms and prevent occurrence of the disease, it is essential for nurses as well as medical staffs to: 1) provide an educational program on venous thromboembolism for patients; 2) assess and monitor pregnant women with a risk factor of venous thromboembolism; and 3) implement proper prophylaxis for patients

Tai Chi for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Benign Prostate Hypertrophy: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Tai chi exercise has been recommended as suitable for the improvement of health in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of tai chi on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs), quality of life (QoL), and sex hormone levels in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH). The elderly patients with BPH were randomized to receive tai chi or usual care. Fifty-six participants were randomized into either the tai chi group (n = 28) or the control group (n = 28). After 12 weeks of treatment, the tai chi group showed significant improvement in LUTS and QoL. There was a significant effect of tai chi on testosterone but no significant effect on insulin or glucose. No serious adverse events were observed during the study period. In conclusion, our results suggest that 12 weeks of tai chi may improve LUTS and QoL in elderly patients with BPH

Effects of music therapy and rhythmic exercise on quality of life, blood pressure and upper extremity muscle strength in institution-dwelling elderly women.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of music therapy and rhythmic exercise on health related quality of life, blood pressure and upper extremity muscle strength in the institution-dwelling elderly women. Methods: The study was designed using a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants consisted of 35 elders (18 in the experimental group and 17 in the control group). The music therapy and rhythmic exercise were developed by the investigators. The experimental group took part in this program twice a week for 8 weeks. The Short Form 36 health survey questionnaire, blood pressure and grasp power scale were used as instruments. The data were analyzed using SPSS 14.0. Results: Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that music therapy and rhythmic exercise had positive effects on quality of life, especially on vitality, general health and mental health. Also, there were statistically significant differences in diastolic blood pressure and upper extremity muscle strength between the pretest and posttest in the experimental group. Conclusion: The study suggests that this program can be applied for older women in long-term facilities to improve quality of life, blood pressure and upper extremity muscle strength